Business
IMF Prescriptions: Experts warn FG against costly foreign loans, VAT hike

By Peter Egwuatu
Capital market operators and economic experts have urged the Federal Government to be cautious in implementing the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) policy recommendations, warning against expensive foreign loans and a Value Added Tax (VAT) increase.
Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer of Arthur Stevens Asset Management and former President of the Chartered Institute of Stockbrokers (CIS), Olatunde Amolegbe, said: “The IMF’s concern regarding the collateralisation of the proposed facility is understandable. Borrowing against strategic national assets or future revenue streams at a high collateral ratio could increase fiscal vulnerabilities and limit future financial flexibility.”
According to him, “The assessment should depend on the terms of the facility, the cost of funds, tenor and expected economic returns from the projects to be financed.”
On VAT, Amolegbe said: “Raising VAT at a time when households and businesses are still adjusting to subsidy removal, exchange-rate reforms and elevated living costs could further weaken consumption and economic activity.”
He advised the government to “broaden the tax base, improve compliance and reduce leakages before considering higher rates.”
On monetary policy, he noted that “while inflation remains a major challenge and the CBN’s tightening measures have helped stabilise the exchange rate, excessive tightening may constrain credit growth and private-sector investment.”
Amolegbe also supported the IMF’s warning on reliance on foreign portfolio inflows, stressing that sustainable growth requires stronger foreign direct investment, export diversification and increased domestic production.
Similarly, investment banker and Chartered Stockbroker, Tajudeen Olayinka, urged the government to “move away from expensive loans that can become problematic to the government’s revenue-generation capacity in future.”
He added: “The IMF concern is valid, as the government has taken too many expensive loans in recent years. That should worry anyone interested in the progress of Nigeria and its economy.”
According to him, “Nigeria should leverage cheaper financing from multilateral institutions to accelerate growth and reduce poverty.”
On VAT, Olayinka said there was no need for an increase while businesses and households were still grappling with the effects of ongoing reforms.
He also backed the current monetary policy stance, saying the CBN should maintain it “until such a time that stability is assured around the macroeconomic environment.”
Commenting on portfolio inflows, he warned that sudden reversals could be devastating and called on the government to strengthen the productive sectors of the economy.
Also speaking, economic analyst and communications expert, Clifford Egbomeade, said: “The IMF is right to highlight the risks associated with Nigeria’s proposed $5 billion Total Return Swap with First Abu Dhabi Bank.”
He explained: “With collateral at 133.3 per cent of the loan, Nigeria pledges more than it borrows, and any naira depreciation or rise in interest rates could trigger margin calls that undermine the CBN’s policy independence.”
On VAT, Egbomeade argued that “a VAT hike now is a tax on hardship, not consumption.”
He added that “hot money inflates reserve numbers without adding productive value to the economy,” warning against excessive dependence on portfolio inflows.
While supporting expanded cash transfers, he cautioned that “without fixing targeting failures in the social register, additional funding will only lead to leakages.”
The post IMF Prescriptions: Experts warn FG against costly foreign loans, VAT hike appeared first on Vanguard News.
Business
IMF warns as Nigeria captures 60% of SSA stablecoin inflows

•Flags risks to monetary policy, financial integrity
•As Nigeria ranks 2nd globally, with $59bn crypto inflows
By Emma Ujah & Elizabeth Adegbesan
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has disclosed that Nigeria accounts for about 60 percent of stablecoin inflows into Sub-Saharan Africa,SSA, while warning that the growing use of dollar-backed digital assets could pose risks to monetary policy and financial stability.
In its latest report, the IMF stated: “Within sub-Saharan Africa, Nigeria accounts for roughly 60 percent of stablecoin inflows since 2019. Stablecoins now form a key bridge between crypto markets and the traditional financial system.”
The Fund added: “The scale is striking, even though measure-ment remains imperfect. Nigeria received about $59 billion in crypto-asset inflows between July 2023 and June 2024.”
According to the IMF, “what began as a niche technology has become a meaningful cross-border payments channel,” with Nigerian households and small businesses increasingly using stablecoins for international transactions and payments to overseas suppliers.
The report noted that adoption accelerated during 2023 and 2024 amid macroeconomic pressures.
“Stablecoins emerged as a hedge against currency risk and a convenient means of paying overseas suppliers,” the Fund said.
It explained that “the sharp depreciation of the naira, high inflation, and constrained access to foreign exchange” contributed to rising demand for dollar-linked digital assets.
The IMF also noted that after the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) restricted banks from servicing cryptocurrency exchanges in February 2021, “activity shifted to less regulated channels, notably peer-to-peer platforms.”
While acknowledging the benefits of stablecoins, the Fund warned of potential consequences for the economy.
“As stablecoins are typically denominated in U.S. dollars, widespread use can resemble a digital form of dollarization,” it stated. “By reducing demand for the local currency, it could weaken the transmission of domestic monetary policy.”
The IMF further cautioned that, “transactions traditionally routed through banks are increasingly taking place through digital wallets and crypto exchanges,” adding that “existing monitoring systems designed for conventional financial intermediaries may not adequately capture such transactions.”
According to the report, “the speed and relative anonymity of some platforms heighten the risks of money laundering and other illicit financial activities.”
However, the IMF advised against outright suppression of stablecoins, saying such measures would likely have limited success.
“The most effective defence against digital dollarization is a stable and credible domestic currency,” the Fund stated. “Nigeria’s recent macroeconomic reforms and tighter monetary policy have helped restore confidence in the naira. Sustaining this progress will be critical.”
It also urged stronger oversight, improved monitoring systems and upgraded payment infrastructure, stressing that “these risks are not unique to Nigeria, but the scale of adoption makes them more pronounced.”
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Business
Shettima flags off NADF’s 515,720-bag fertiliser intervention

•128,930 smallholder farmers in 25 states, FCT to benefit
By Gabriel Ewepu
ABUJA — Vice President Kashim Shettima yesterday flagged off the nationwide distribution of 515,720 bags of fertiliser under the National Agricultural Development Fund’s (NADF) Renewed Hope Farm Input Support Programme (FISP).
Represented by the Minister of State for Agriculture and Food Security, Dr Aliyu Abdullahi, at the launch in Abuja, Shettima described the intervention as a major step towards boosting agricultural productivity, strengthening food security and improving farmers’ livelihoods in line with President Bola Tinubu’s Renewed Hope Agenda.
The fertilisers, comprising urea and NPK, will be distributed to 128,930 smallholder farmers across 25 states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT).
He said: “The provision of 515,720 bags of urea and NPK fertilisers to 128,930 smallholder farmers underscores this administration’s resolve to uplift our farmers and enhance agricultural productivity.”
Shettima disclosed that 11,210 bags of fertiliser would be distributed to 2,930 registered farmers in the FCT.
According to him, “The Farm Input Support Programme focuses on smallholder farmers cultivating less than 0.5 hectares of land, who remain the backbone of Nigeria’s food system.”
He stressed the need for transparency and accountability in the distribution process, saying stakeholders must ensure the inputs reach the intended beneficiaries, particularly women, youths and vulnerable farmers.
Meanwhile, the Executive Secretary and Chief Executive Officer of NADF, Mohammed Ibrahim, said the intervention was coming at a critical stage of the farming season.
He stated: “The programme is being implemented at a critical period to reduce production costs for smallholder farmers, increase yields and strengthen national food supply.”
Describing FISP as a strategic intervention, Ibrahim said: “It is designed to deliver the right inputs to the right farmers at the right time to support food production.”
He added: “All fertilisers distributed under the scheme are locally produced, traceable and clearly marked ‘Not for Sale’ to ensure accountability.”
On the importance of the initiative, Ibrahim said: “Food security is not a side issue. It is a national priority. It is central to economic stability, rural prosperity, job creation and the well-being of Nigerian households.”
Also speaking, Chairman of the House of Representatives Committee on Agricultural Production and Services, Hon. Bello Kaoje, described the programme as a direct anti-hunger measure that would boost food production, stabilise food prices and support inclusive economic growth.
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Business
Proposed plastic ban could trigger deindustrialisation, job losses— MAN

By Yinka Kolawole
The Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN) has faulted the proposed implementation of the National Environmental (Plastic Waste Control) Regulations 2026 by the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), warning that the measures could have far-reaching consequences for the country’s manufacturing sector and economy.
Under the proposed regulations, NESREA plans to prohibit the production and use of single-use plastic products below 80 microns in thickness, impose taxes on shopping bags with wall thicknesses between 30 and 50 microns, and restrict several other plastic products listed in the Eleventh Schedule.
The association called on the Federal Government to suspend implementation of the proposed regulations pending a comprehensive Regulatory Impact Assessment. It maintained that plastic pollution should be addressed primarily through improved waste collection, sorting, recycling, and disposal systems, while ensuring a balance between environmental sustainability and economic development.
In a statement, Director General of MAN, Segun Ajayi-Kadir, said the proposed measures could disrupt industrial production, undermine investments across the plastics value chain, threaten thousands of direct and indirect jobs, and increase costs for both manufacturers and consumers.
While acknowledging the need to tackle environmental pollution and promote sustainable waste management, Ajayi-Kadir argued that the proposed regulations are premature and lack sufficient empirical justification. According to him, the measures could pose significant risks to industrial growth, employment, and the livelihoods of millions of Nigerians.
He noted that the Federal Government, through the National Plastic Action Partnership (NNPAP), had already developed a Plastic Circularity Roadmap in 2024 in collaboration with the Federal Ministry of Environment.
“The roadmap outlined strategies for reducing plastic waste through improved collection systems, recycling infrastructure, Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR), circular economy initiatives, public awareness campaigns, and investments in waste management. However, many of the roadmap’s key recommendations have yet to be fully implemented.
“There is no evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of previous restrictions on plastic products in reducing environmental pollution, improving recycling rates, or changing consumer behaviour. Public policy should be based on measurable outcomes, evidence, and stakeholder engagement,” he stated.
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